As for maintenance in general, its frequency depends on various factors, including:
- Regulations
- The production sector
- The time and frequency of use of a machine/plant/asset
- Their robustness and durability
- The surrounding environment
As for obligations and regulations, first of all reference should be made to UNI 11063:2017 (previous UNI 11063:2003).
The standard covers both aspects related to safety and maintenance policies, across the various sectors of activity.
The regulation itself makes the distinction between ordinary and extraordinary maintenance.
Among the other regulations on the matter are:
- The UNI EN 13306:2018, which specifies maintenance terminology for technical, administrative and management areas.
- The UNI EN 15341:2019, which describes a system for managing indicators (KPIs) to measure performance, as well as to assess and improve efficiency from a technical, economic and organizational standpoint.
- The UNI 10224:2007, which sets out principles, criteria and methods to establish, organize and manage the maintenance process.
- The UNI 10148:2007, which describes the management of a maintenance contract.
- The UNI EN 13460:2009, which provides guidelines and sets out obligations regarding documentation related to the maintenance process.
In addition, in Legislative Decree 81/2008 (TU) the specific obligations are set out, in particular:
- For workplaces (Article 64, para. 1, letter c)
- For equipment (Article 71, paragraph 4)
- For electrical systems (specifically Article 80, para. 3 and 3bis), for the fire-protection system and for the air-conditioning system (Article 64, para. 1), heating system and so on, up to including them all.
In particular, the legislative decree requires maintenance of systems, machines, safety devices, etc., introducing the concept of regularity (Art. 15, letter C).
It also requires the immediate removal of defects and out-of-service conditions that could in any way compromise safety (Art. 15, letter Z) at least twice a year in public environments or industries.